Neogene-Quaternary maar volcanism in the Cappadocian Volcanic Province in Central Anatolia, Turkey: revisited
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G Gençalioðlu-Kuþcu, K Nemeth, R.B Stewart , 2011. Neogene-Quaternary maar volcanism in the Cappadocian Volcanic Province in Central Anatolia, Turkey: revisited. XXV IUGG General Assembly "Earth on the Edge: Science for a Sustainable Planet" 28 June - 7 July 2011, Melbourne Convention & Exhibition Centre, Melbourne, Australia. Abstract USB #2496
Nineteen composite and ~800 small-volume Neogene-Quaternary volcanoes form the
Cappadocian Volcanic Province (CVP) in Central Anatolia. Clusters of small-volume
volcanoes (Karapınar, Karacadağ-Hasandağ, Keçiboyduran-Melendiz, Göllüdağ Acıgöl, Erciyes) are dominated by scoria cones and lava fields. Maars were also described in the early 1970s, but generally lack detailed information on their formation and eruption style. Four mafic maars were identified from the Karapınar region (Mekeobruk, Yılanobruğu, Mekegölü, Acıgöl). Acıgöl is a large, water-filled maar, while Mekegölü is a complex dry maar with a scoria cone. Basal pyroclastic sequences of these two maars were previously inferred to be deposited in a lacustrine environment, however, the accidental lithic fragment-rich nature of the deposits indicate deposition by subaerial pyroclastic density currents. At Mekegölü, primary phreatomagmatic tephra intercalated with debris flow deposits, indicates time breaks during the eruptions and the polygenetic nature of the maar. Two other small maars comprise steep-walled, low aspect ratio explosion pits with thin tephra rims, suggesting a single explosive eruption and crater floor subsidence. The Karapınar maars cut through solidified lava that provided steep and stable crater walls. Similar steep-sided, deep maars are known near Erciyes (Cora Maar) and in the Göllüdağ-Acıgöl cluster (Narköy Maar). Broad, shallow maars, e.g. the mafic Kutören Maar in the Karacadağ-Hasandağ cluster and the silicic Acıgöl Maar in the Göllüdağ-Acıgöl cluster, are examples of maars erupting through a soft substrate. The young age, morphological diversity and large spectrum of magma compositions involved in maar forming eruptions highlight the volcanic hazard potential of maar volcanism in Turkey.